Bilans otwarcia cz I

Okręt podwodny typu Okoń 1904-1905 (3 szt.)

Pierwsza jednostka w bilansie otwarcia. Jest to pierwszy w naszej flocie okręt podwodny z napędem klasycznym tj. silnikami Diesla i motorami elektrycznymi. Nie ukrywam że, konstrukcja jest oparta o brytyjskie okręty typu A. Trudno zresztą się dziwić, dzięki pracom Hollanda, Anglicy w owych czasach absolutnie przodowali w tym zakresie. To „małpowanie” nawet nieźle mi się udało, bo uzyskałem parametry (szybkość, zasięg) lepsze od oryginału. Okręcik jest niewielki i przeznaczony do działań wyłącznie na Bałtyku. Typ liczył 4 jednostki oddane do użytku w latach 1904-1905. Założyłem, że Wielką Wojnę przeżyły 3.

Okoń, Poland Submarine laid down 1904

Displacement:

            194 t light; 198 t standard; 205 t normal; 210 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught

            100,07 ft / 100,07 ft x 12,80 ft x 8,53 ft (normal load)

            30,50 m / 30,50 m x 3,90 m  x 2,60 m

           

2 - 17,7" / 450 mm submerged torpedo tubes

Machinery:

            Petrol Internal combustion generators plus batteries,

            Electric motors, 1 shaft, 635 shp / 474 Kw = 14,00 kts

            Range 1 000nm at 8,00 kts

            Bunker at max displacement = 12 tons

Complement:

            12

Cost:

            £0,036 million / $0,141 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:

            Armament: 0 tons, 0,0%

            Machinery: 36 tons, 17,6%

            Hull, fittings & equipment: 120 tons, 58,5%

            Fuel, ammunition & stores: 11 tons, 5,4%

            Miscellaneous weights: 38 tons, 18,6%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:

            Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):

              34 lbs / 15 Kg = 0,3 x 6 " / 152 mm shells or 0,1 torpedoes

            Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,01

            Metacentric height 0,2 ft / 0,1 m

            Roll period: 11,2 seconds

            Steadiness      - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 1 %

                                   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,00

            Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 0,00

Hull form characteristics:

            Hull has a flush deck

            Block coefficient: 0,656

            Length to Beam Ratio: 7,82 : 1

            'Natural speed' for length: 10,00 kts

            Power going to wave formation at top speed: 66 %

            Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50

            Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0,00 degrees

            Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m

            Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):

               - Stem:                    0,10 ft / 0,03 m

               - Forecastle (0%):   0,10 ft / 0,03 m

               - Mid (0%):              0,10 ft / 0,03 m

               - Quarterdeck (0%):            0,10 ft / 0,03 m

               - Stern:                    0,10 ft / 0,03 m

               - Average freeboard:          0,10 ft / 0,03 m

            Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:

            Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 174,9%

                        - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 0,7%

            Waterplane Area: 973 Square feet or 90 Square metres

            Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 186%

            Structure weight / hull surface area: 82 lbs/sq ft or 399 Kg/sq metre

            Hull strength (Relative):

                        - Cross-sectional: 4,52

                        - Longitudinal: 3,69

                        - Overall: 3,89

            Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped

            Room for accommodation and workspaces is extremely poor

            Ship has quick, lively roll, not a steady gun platform

            Caution: Lacks seaworthiness - very limited seakeeping ability

Okoń (1904)

Sandacz (1905)

Boleń (1905)

Torpedowiec typu Tygrys 1906-1909 (6 szt.)

Następny okręt w bilansie otwarcia. Duży, szybki, silnie uzbrojony torpedowiec, górujący wszystkimi parametrami nad ówczesnymi obcymi okrętami tej klasy. Wielkością i siłą dorównywał mniejszym niszczycielom (np. brytyjskiego typu Cricket z lat 1908-1909}, a szybkością je przewyższał.. Dla przykładu niemieckie torpedowce typu A-56 (tego samego typu był ORP Krakowiak z realnej PMW) z lat 1917-1918, przy 330-335 t wyporności były uzbrojone w 2-3 działa 88 mm, 1-2 wyrzutni torpedowych i miały prędkość 26-28 w. Jak widać, nasze ok. 10 lat starsze, ale przy nich „nie pękają” Jedną z zalet okrętu jest stosunkowo wysoka wolna burta, co daje bardzo dobrą dzielność morską, jak na jednostkę tej klasy i wielkości W latach 1906-1909 zostało oddanych do użytku 8 okrętów tego typu, założyłem, że Wielką Wojnę przeżyło 6. Są to wprawdzie jednostki w wieku 9-12 lat, ale kilka lat mogą jeszcze z powodzeniem posłużyć.

 

Tygrys, Poland Torpedo boat laid down 1906

Displacement:

            281 t light; 290 t standard; 305 t normal; 318 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught

            190,29 ft / 190,29 ft x 18,57 ft x 6,89 ft (normal load)

            58,00 m / 58,00 m x 5,66 m  x 2,10 m

Armament:

2 - 2,95" / 75,0 mm guns (1x2 guns), 14,11lbs / 6,40kg shells, 1906 Model

              Quick firing guns in deck mount on centreline forward

2 - 1,46" / 37,0 mm guns (1x2 guns), 1,61lbs / 0,73kg shells, 1900 Model

              Quick firing guns in deck mount on side amidships

            Weight of broadside 30 lbs / 14 kg

            Shells per gun, main battery: 120

3 - 17,7" / 450 mm above water torpedoes

Machinery:

            Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,

            Direct drive, 2 shafts, 7 755 shp / 5 785 Kw = 28,00 kts

            Range 540nm at 14,00 kts

            Bunker at max displacement = 28 tons

              Caution: Delicate, lightweight machinery

Complement:

            36 - 47

Cost:

            £0,037 million / $0,147 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:

            Armament: 4 tons, 1,2%

            Machinery: 171 tons, 56,1%

            Hull, fittings & equipment: 103 tons, 33,8%

            Fuel, ammunition & stores: 24 tons, 7,9%

            Miscellaneous weights: 3 tons, 1,0%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:

            Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):

              78 lbs / 35 Kg = 6,1 x 3,0 " / 75 mm shells or 0,1 torpedoes

            Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,16

            Metacentric height 0,5 ft / 0,2 m

            Roll period: 10,7 seconds

            Steadiness      - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 51 %

                                   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,14

            Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 0,84

Hull form characteristics:

            Hull has raised forecastle

              and transom stern

            Block coefficient: 0,439

            Length to Beam Ratio: 10,25 : 1

            'Natural speed' for length: 15,83 kts

            Power going to wave formation at top speed: 73 %

            Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 60

            Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0,00 degrees

            Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m

            Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):

               - Stem:                    16,08 ft / 4,90 m

               - Forecastle (30%): 14,44 ft / 4,40 m (7,22 ft / 2,20 m aft of break)

               - Mid (0%):              7,22 ft / 2,20 m

               - Quarterdeck (0%):            7,22 ft / 2,20 m

               - Stern:                    7,22 ft / 2,20 m

               - Average freeboard:          9,58 ft / 2,92 m

Ship space, strength and comments:

            Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 191,2%

                        - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 51,7%

            Waterplane Area: 2 320 Square feet or 216 Square metres

            Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 29%

            Structure weight / hull surface area: 20 lbs/sq ft or 96 Kg/sq metre

            Hull strength (Relative):

                        - Cross-sectional: 0,56

                        - Longitudinal: 3,74

                        - Overall: 0,68

            Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped

            Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped

            Poor seaboat, wet and uncomfortable, reduced performance in heavy weather

Tygrys (1906)

Pantera (1907)

Jaguar (1907)

Puma (1908)

Gepard (1909)

Ocelot (1909)

Okręt podwodny typu Łosoś 1906-1908 (4 szt.)

Okręt w pewnym sensie będący odpowiednikiem brytyjskiego typu C (i trochę do niego podobny ;)). Jednak tak, jak w przypadku Okonia przewyższa go osiągami. Łosoś jest pierwszym naszym okrętem podwodnym wyposażonym w radiostację. W latach 1906-1908 oddano 4 jednostki, wszystkie przeżyły Wielką Wojnę.

 

Łosoś, Poland Submarine laid down 1906

Displacement:

            292 t light; 299 t standard; 316 t normal; 329 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught

            141,08 ft / 141,08 ft x 13,45 ft x 8,96 ft (normal load)

            43,00 m / 43,00 m x 4,10 m  x 2,73 m

Armament:

1 - 1,85" / 47,0 mm guns in single mounts, 3,31lbs / 1,50kg shells, 1896 Model

              Quick firing gun in deck mount on centreline amidships

            Weight of broadside 3 lbs / 2 kg

            Shells per gun, main battery: 100

2 - 17,7" / 450 mm submerged torpedo tubes

Machinery:

            Diesel Internal combustion generators plus batteries,

            Electric motors, 1 shaft, 678 shp / 506 Kw = 14,00 kts

            Range 1 500nm at 9,00 kts

            Bunker at max displacement = 31 tons

Complement:

            16

Cost:

            £0,051 million / $0,201 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:

            Armament: 0 tons, 0,1%

            Machinery: 44 tons, 13,9%

            Hull, fittings & equipment: 191 tons, 60,4%

            Fuel, ammunition & stores: 24 tons, 7,5%

            Miscellaneous weights: 57 tons, 18,1%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:

            Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):

              144 lbs / 65 Kg = 45,4 x 1,9 " / 47 mm shells or 0,2 torpedoes

            Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,04

            Metacentric height 0,3 ft / 0,1 m

            Roll period: 10,9 seconds

            Steadiness      - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 1 %

                                   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,00

            Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 0,00

Hull form characteristics:

            Hull has a flush deck

            Block coefficient: 0,650

            Length to Beam Ratio: 10,49 : 1

            'Natural speed' for length: 11,88 kts

            Power going to wave formation at top speed: 53 %

            Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50

            Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0,00 degrees

            Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m

            Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):

               - Stem:                    0,10 ft / 0,03 m

               - Forecastle (0%):   0,10 ft / 0,03 m

               - Mid (0%):              0,10 ft / 0,03 m

               - Quarterdeck (0%):            0,10 ft / 0,03 m

               - Stern:                    0,10 ft / 0,03 m

               - Average freeboard:          0,10 ft / 0,03 m

            Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:

            Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 106,6%

                        - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 0,7%

            Waterplane Area: 1 433 Square feet or 133 Square metres

            Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 213%

            Structure weight / hull surface area: 88 lbs/sq ft or 431 Kg/sq metre

            Hull strength (Relative):

                        - Cross-sectional: 4,67

                        - Longitudinal: 2,11

                        - Overall: 2,58

            Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate

            Room for accommodation and workspaces is extremely poor

            Ship has quick, lively roll, not a steady gun platform

            Caution: Lacks seaworthiness - very limited seakeeping ability

Łosoś (1906)

Pstrąg (1907)

Troć (1907)

Głowacica (1908)

Torpedowiec typu Ryś 1913-1914 (4 szt.)

Torpedowce te są rozwinięciem wcześniejszego typu Tygrys z lat 1906-1909. W porównaniu z nimi są nieco większe, troszkę silniej uzbrojone, a przede wszystkim dysponują większą prędkością i zasięgiem. W latach 1913-1914 zbudowano 4 jednostki, wszystkie przetrwały Wielką Wojnę.

Ryś, Poland Torpedo boat laid down 1913

 

Displacement:

            325 t light; 336 t standard; 360 t normal; 380 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught

            206,69 ft / 206,69 ft x 19,69 ft x 6,89 ft (normal load)

            63,00 m / 63,00 m x 6,00 m  x 2,10 m

Armament:

2 - 2,95" / 75,0 mm guns (1x2 guns), 14,11lbs / 6,40kg shells, 1906 Model

              Quick firing guns in deck mount on centreline forward

2 - 1,85" / 47,0 mm guns (1x2 guns), 3,31lbs / 1,50kg shells, 1910 Model

              Quick firing guns in deck mount on side amidships

            Weight of broadside 32 lbs / 14 kg

            Shells per gun, main battery: 150

3 - 17,7" / 450 mm above water torpedoes

Machinery:

            Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,

            Geared drive, 2 shafts, 11 126 shp / 8 300 Kw = 30,00 kts

            Range 810nm at 16,00 kts

            Bunker at max displacement = 45 tons

Complement:

            40 - 53

Cost:

            £0,046 million / $0,183 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:

            Armament: 4 tons, 1,1%

            Machinery: 194 tons, 53,7%

            Hull, fittings & equipment: 125 tons, 34,6%

            Fuel, ammunition & stores: 35 tons, 9,8%

            Miscellaneous weights: 3 tons, 0,8%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:

            Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):

              100 lbs / 45 Kg = 7,7 x 3,0 " / 75 mm shells or 0,1 torpedoes

            Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,03

            Metacentric height 0,5 ft / 0,1 m

            Roll period: 12,2 seconds

            Steadiness      - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 50 %

                                   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,14

            Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 0,58

Hull form characteristics:

            Hull has raised forecastle

              and transom stern

            Block coefficient: 0,450

            Length to Beam Ratio: 10,50 : 1

            'Natural speed' for length: 16,45 kts

            Power going to wave formation at top speed: 74 %

            Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 86

            Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0,00 degrees

            Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m

            Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):

               - Stem:                    16,40 ft / 5,00 m

               - Forecastle (20%): 14,44 ft / 4,40 m (7,22 ft / 2,20 m aft of break)

               - Mid (0%):              7,22 ft / 2,20 m

               - Quarterdeck (0%):            7,22 ft / 2,20 m

               - Stern:                    7,22 ft / 2,20 m

               - Average freeboard:          8,82 ft / 2,69 m

Ship space, strength and comments:

            Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 182,9%

                        - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 59,2%

            Waterplane Area: 2 696 Square feet or 250 Square metres

            Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 40%

            Structure weight / hull surface area: 24 lbs/sq ft or 115 Kg/sq metre

            Hull strength (Relative):

                        - Cross-sectional: 0,63

                        - Longitudinal: 2,42

                        - Overall: 0,72

            Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped

            Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped

            Caution: Lacks seaworthiness - very limited seakeeping ability

Ryś (1913)

Żbik (1913)

Serwal (1914)

Irbis (1914)

Tender okrętów podwodnych typu Giewont 1884 (1 szt.)

Teraz jednostka, z którą będziemy musieli się niebawem pożegnać z powodu jej mocno podeszłego wieku, ale uczono mnie szacunku dla starszych, więc nie mogę jej pominąć.  Okręt został zbudowany w roku 1884 jako tender torpedowców. Ponieważ ostatnie torpedowce, które mieściły się jeszcze na jego platformie ładunkowej zostały wycofane w roku 1902, został on zaadaptowany na tender okrętów podwodnych. Na platformie załadowczej mieszczą się 3 okręty podwodne typu Okoń, lub inne jednostki o długości do 35 m. Jednostka posiada rozliczne funkcje. Przede wszystkim służy jako zaplecze mieszkalne, gospodarcze i techniczne dla małych okrętów podwodnych, aktualnie dotyczy to tylko typu Okoń. Może transportować okręty podwodne na dalsze odległości np. do kolonii lub na oddalony od baz obszar operacyjny. Może także podnosić na swój pokład okręty podwodne w celu dokonania drobnych napraw, kontroli stanu kadłuba i jego konserwacji. W przypadku awarii jest w stanie podnieść okręt podwodny, który osiadł na dnie lub po prostu nie może się sam wynurzyć; dotyczy to oczywiście ograniczonych głębokości. Do realizacji tej ostatniej funkcji posiada na pokładzie ekipę nurków. Ponieważ okręty podwodne typu Okoń zostaną w najbliższym czasie z uwagi na swój wiek i zużycie skreślone z listy floty, taki sam los czeka nasz tender. Jest już za stary na to, aby jakakolwiek przebudowa była opłacalna.

 

Giewont, Poland Submarine tender laid down 1884

Displacement:

            5 160 t light; 5 315 t standard; 7 487 t normal; 9 225 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught

            431,41 ft / 426,51 ft x 58,07 ft x 14,11 ft (normal load)

            131,49 m / 130,00 m x 17,70 m  x 4,30 m

Armament:

      2 - 4,00" / 102 mm guns in single mounts, 24,91lbs / 11,30kg shells, 1880 Model

              Quick firing guns in deck mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread

      2 - 1,85" / 47,0 mm guns in single mounts, 2,88lbs / 1,31kg shells, 1884 Model

              Quick firing guns in deck mounts on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring

      1 - 1,85" / 47,0 mm guns in single mounts, 2,88lbs / 1,31kg shells, 1884 Model

              Breech loading gun in deck mount on centreline amidships, 1 raised gun

            Weight of broadside 56 lbs / 25 kg

            Shells per gun, main battery: 150

Machinery:

            Coal fired boilers, simple reciprocating steam engines,

            Direct drive, 2 shafts, 10 298 ihp / 7 682 Kw = 18,00 kts

            Range 12 500nm at 10,00 kts

            Bunker at max displacement = 3 911 tons (100% coal)

Complement:

            402 - 523

Cost:

            £0,471 million / $1,882 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:

            Armament: 8 tons, 0,1%

            Machinery: 2 024 tons, 27,0%

            Hull, fittings & equipment: 2 513 tons, 33,6%

            Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2 328 tons, 31,1%

            Miscellaneous weights: 615 tons, 8,2%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:

            Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):

              8 307 lbs / 3 768 Kg = 285,3 x 4,0 " / 102 mm shells or 1,3 torpedoes

            Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,50

            Metacentric height 4,4 ft / 1,3 m

            Roll period: 11,6 seconds

            Steadiness      - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 100 %

                                   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,01

            Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1,61

Hull form characteristics:

            Hull has raised forecastle, rise forward of midbreak, raised quarterdeck

            Block coefficient: 0,750

            Length to Beam Ratio: 7,34 : 1

            'Natural speed' for length: 20,65 kts

            Power going to wave formation at top speed: 43 %

            Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 65

            Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 3,00 degrees

            Stern overhang: 3,61 ft / 1,10 m

            Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):

               - Stem:                    24,61 ft / 7,50 m

               - Forecastle (15%): 21,65 ft / 6,60 m (15,09 ft / 4,60 m aft of break)

               - Mid (55%):            15,09 ft / 4,60 m (8,53 ft / 2,60 m aft of break)

               - Quarterdeck (10%):          15,09 ft / 4,60 m (8,53 ft / 2,60 m before break)

               - Stern:                    15,09 ft / 4,60 m

               - Average freeboard:          13,96 ft / 4,25 m

Ship space, strength and comments:

            Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 97,9%

                        - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 118,2%

            Waterplane Area: 20 744 Square feet or 1 927 Square metres

            Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 158%

            Structure weight / hull surface area: 92 lbs/sq ft or 447 Kg/sq metre

            Hull strength (Relative):

                        - Cross-sectional: 1,16

                        - Longitudinal: 1,04

                        - Overall: 1,07

            Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate

            Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate

            Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform

            Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

Niszczyciel typu Zawierucha 1904 (5 szt.)

Najstarsze z zachowanych niszczycieli. Za ich odpowiednik można uznać brytyjski Eden (1904) z długiej i zróżnicowanej serii typu River. Nasze jednak charakteryzują się silniejszym uzbrojeniem, większą prędkością i zasięgiem. Są to – o ile mi wiadomo – pierwsze na świecie niszczyciele wyposażone w działo 102 mm. Posiadają nowoczesną siłownię z turbinami parowymi, a kotły opalane są ropą. W latach 1904-1907 zbudowano 8 jednostek, z czego Wielką Wojnę przeżyło 5.

Zawierucha, Poland Destroyer laid down 1904

Displacement:

            532 t light; 547 t standard; 583 t normal; 612 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught

            230,38 ft / 229,66 ft x 24,61 ft x 9,02 ft (normal load)

            70,22 m / 70,00 m x 7,50 m  x 2,75 m

Armament:

1 - 4,02" / 102 mm guns in single mounts, 24,91lbs / 11,30kg shells, 1880 Model

       Quick firing gun in a deck mount with hoist on centreline forward

1 - 2,95" / 75,0 mm guns in single mounts, 10,80lbs / 4,90kg shells, 1892 Model

       Quick firing gun in deck mount on centreline aft

2 - 1,46" / 37,0 mm guns in single mounts, 1,61lbs / 0,73kg shells, 1900 Model

       Quick firing guns in deck mounts on centreline, evenly spread, all raised mounts

     Weight of broadside 37 lbs / 17 kg

     Shells per gun, main battery: 120

3 - 17,7" / 450 mm above water torpedoes

Machinery:

            Oil fired boilers, reciprocating cruising steam engines plus steam turbines,

            Direct drive, 2 shafts, 13 719 ihp / 10 235 Kw = 30,00 kts

            Range 1 000nm at 14,00 kts

            Bunker at max displacement = 65 tons

              Caution: Delicate, lightweight machinery

Complement:

            59 - 77

Cost:

            £0,072 million / $0,288 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:

            Armament: 5 tons, 0,9%

            Machinery: 349 tons, 60,0%

            Hull, fittings & equipment: 174 tons, 29,9%

            Fuel, ammunition & stores: 51 tons, 8,7%

            Miscellaneous weights: 3 tons, 0,5%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:

            Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):

              113 lbs / 51 Kg = 3,5 x 4,0 " / 102 mm shells or 0,1 torpedoes

            Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,00

            Metacentric height 0,6 ft / 0,2 m

            Roll period: 13,2 seconds

            Steadiness      - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 58 %

                                   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,12

            Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 0,58

Hull form characteristics:

            Hull has raised forecastle

              and transom stern

            Block coefficient: 0,400

            Length to Beam Ratio: 9,33 : 1

            'Natural speed' for length: 17,63 kts

            Power going to wave formation at top speed: 72 %

            Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 100

            Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 3,00 degrees

            Stern overhang: -0,98 ft / -0,30 m

            Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):

               - Stem:                    13,78 ft / 4,20 m

               - Forecastle (35%): 13,78 ft / 4,20 m (6,89 ft / 2,10 m aft of break)

               - Mid (0%):              6,89 ft / 2,10 m

               - Quarterdeck (0%):            6,89 ft / 2,10 m

               - Stern:                    6,89 ft / 2,10 m

               - Average freeboard:          9,30 ft / 2,84 m

            Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:

            Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 201,0%

                        - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 59,4%

            Waterplane Area: 3 610 Square feet or 335 Square metres

            Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 19%

            Structure weight / hull surface area: 27 lbs/sq ft or 134 Kg/sq metre

            Hull strength (Relative):

                        - Cross-sectional: 0,63

                        - Longitudinal: 1,80

                        - Overall: 0,70

            Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is extremely poor

            Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped

            Caution: Lacks seaworthiness - very limited seakeeping ability

Zawierucha (1904)

Śnieżyca (1905)

Zawieja (1906)

Ulewa (1906)

Nawałnica (1907)